LED introduce

LEDs (light emitting diodes) are solid-state semiconductor devices that can convert electrical energy directly into light (Light Measurement). The heart of a led (LED Testing System) is a semiconductor chip of which one side is attached on the top of an anvil that is the negative power lead, and the other side is connected with a whisker to a positive power lead. it is the most important part of the LED (LED Test Instruments). and it is entirely encapsulated in an epoxy resin enclosure.

  

A semiconductor chip consists of two parts, one is called P- type semiconductor where holes dominate the region, and the other part is N-type semiconductor where is dominate by electrons. When they are sandwiched together, there is a PN junction in between. And when an electric current is applied to the chip through the lead, electrons are pushed across the junction into the P-region, there, electrons and holes meet and recombine, and then release energy in the form of photons of light. That is why LED can shine. And the wavelength of the light, therefore its color (Colorimeter), depends on the materials forming the PN junction, which is, the materials used to make the LED chip.

Generally, LED chips are made from gallium-based crystals that contain one or more additional materials such as phosphor to produce a distinct color.

Features and Benefits of LED

The inherent features of LED (LED Tester) is decidedly the ability of LED to become the best alternative to conventional light sources, and provide a wider range of applications.  

Small Size

An LED is essentially a microscopic chip once encapsulated in an epoxy resin are extremely small and lightweight.  

Low power consumption

LED consume very little power, far less than standard light bulbs leading to greatly reduced energy costs and extremely enhanced global energy savings.
LEDs also require far less energy to manufacture than other light sources, reducing the environmental impact of artificial lighting even further. Generally a LED is designed to operate at 2 - 3.6V, 0.02-0.03A current which means a LED typically requires no more than 0.1W to operate.  

Rugged

LEDs are rugged, solid state devices and are not susceptible to vibration such as with incandescent filament based bulbs.  

Long Lifetime

When operating at specified voltage, current, and within specified environmental (Environmental Testing) conditions, LEDs can enjoy a long life of up to 100,000 hours. A newer way to evaluate LED lifetime (LED Aging Test) has been established and adopted by Neo-Neon which is based on lumens depreciation over time to determine the Mean Time between Failure (MTBF).  

High Luminous Efficiency and Low heat Emitting

Due to the special materials that are used to manufacture LEDs during electrons transition, LED’s mainly emit electromagnetic energy in the visible parts of spectrum. This is unlike incandescent fi laments which are heated and emit large amounts of electromagnetic energy in the infrared spectrum which can’t be seen and is felt as heat. That is to say, LEDs can convert significantly more of the energy applied into light, and therefore LEDs have a higher luminous efficiency (Luminous Flux) with substantially lower amounts of heat produced.

Environmental Protection

LEDs are made from non-toxic materials, unlike fluorescent lights that contain mercury which poses a danger to the environment and human health. LEDs are recyclable.  

Unbreakable

The LED semi-conductor chip is completely embedded in an epoxy resin enclosure which is much more sturdy than traditional glass bulbs and
fluorescent tubes. They are solid-state technology thus no loose and moving parts which makes LEDs virtually indestructible.